Controversy exists in reference vitamin D values and testing methods to assess vitamin D status. Vitamin D testing would be justified in institutionalized older adults, in subjects with parathyroid disease, phosphocalcium metabolism alterations and malabsorption syndromes. In general, vitamin D supplementation would be indicated in patients with chronic kidney disease with severe hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, malabsorption, and in case of confirmed vitamin D deficiency in institutionalized older adults and in people with existing phosphocalcium metabolism alterations. It is recommended to avoid vitamin D supplementation in pregnant or lactating women, unless the benefits outweigh the harms. Exogenous vitamin D does not reduce mortality, cardiovascular events, metabolic diseases or cáncer.

Authors

• Leire Leache. Unit of Innovation and Organization .Navarre Health Service. SNS-O
   
• Luis Carlos Saiz. Unit of Innovation and Organization .Navarre Health Service. SNS-O
   
• Juan Erviti. Unit of Innovation and Organization .Navarre Health Service. SNS-O

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       Additional information

• Vitamin D supplementation does not reduce cardiovascular risk https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/article-abstract/2735646
   
• Vitamin D supplementation does not prevent diabetes https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1900906
   
• Vitamin D supplementation does not reduce mortality https://www.bmj.com/content/366/bmj.l4673
    
• Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008873.pub4